The Secretary of Energy should establish a program that supports public-private clean energy research consortia and should make grants of $10-30 million annually for up to three years to three or more consortia. Eligible consortia should consist of two or more research universities or governmental research facilities and at least three other private sector firms engaged in research, development, or commercialization activities. Consortia must enter into an agreement to perform collaborative translational research activities focused around a key technical theme (e.g., more efficient, affordable solar cells).